S. M. Kulak

STUDYING THE MAGNETIC LEAKAGE FIELD OF THE LOCAL RESIDUAL MAGNETIZATION OF A STRUCTURAL STEEL

One of the factors determining the reliability of steel structures is their stress-strain state. The method of magnetoelastic demagnetization of steel (magnetoelastic memory) can be used to monitor the stress-strain state. This method involves an irreversible change in the local residual magnetization of steel or, as a consequence, a change in the magnetic leakage field of local residual magnetization on the steel surface, which is induced by elastic deformation. Monitoring the stress-strain state of steel structures by magnetoelastic memory involves their local magnetization. The results of measuring the strength of the magnetic leakage field of local residual magnetization can be affected by the magnetization method, the magnitude of the magnetizing field, temporal changes in residual magnetization, relaxation processes in the steel, and mechanical stresses. Therefore, it is relevant to study various methods of local magnetization of steel and temporal changes in its residual magnetization at constant temperature and mechanical stress. The temporal stability of the magnetic leakage fields of local residual magnetization on the surface of the St3 structural steel is studied under and without mechanical loading. It is shown that the rate of demagnetization of loaded specimens magnetized by single- and double-pole devices is by factors of ~3.5 and 5 lower than that of unloaded ones. Within the 365 days of studying the stability of the local residual magnetization of the St3 steel, the largest changes in its magnetic leakage field (~7 to 8%) were observed in the specimens with unipolar magnetization, whereas the smallest changes (~2 to 3%) occurred in the specimens magnetized by an E-shaped electromagnet.

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